Oral lesions associated with COVID-19: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Oral lesions has been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are gaps about the occurrence. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of oral lesions in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Lilacs, Cochrane and Google Scholar) with the search terms: "coronavírus", "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "novel coronavírus", "2019nCoV", "oral manifestation", "mucosal lesions", "oral lesions", "mucosa viral lesions" and "oral conditions". Articles were limited to those published between january and july 2020, and in English. RESULTS: Initially, 182 articles were found, after reading the titles and abstracts a total of 24 records were included for full-text reading. Finally, 22 articles were included for data extraction and assessement. We identified and subsequently discussed clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The etiology of many oral mucosal lesions is intimately related to infectious, immunological, and psychosocial factors. Therefore, amid the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in which many doubts about the disease still remain, caution is needed when evaluating patients and establishing correlations with other diseases that could be associated.

Does laser phototherapy influence the proliferation of myoepithelial cells in the salivary gland of hypothyroid rats?

Thyroid hormones influence both development and growth of organs and tissues and guarantee metabolic demands that interfere with the quality of digestive secretions, including those of the salivary glands. Laser phototherapy - LPT can modulate various biological phenomena and its diverse effects permit the action on different cell types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of laser phototherapy on myoepithelial cells of salivary glands of hypothyroid rats. Forty-two albino Wistar rats were divided into two main groups: euthyroid (EU) and hypothyroid (HYPO). Hypothyroidism was induced using propylthiouracil (PTU) for 4weeks. Each group was divided into subgroups: control (without laser) and laser groups (Red/infrared - IR). LPT was used on the submandibular gland and was carried out using a diode laser (λ660 or λ780nm, 40mW, spot size 0.04cm2, irradiation area 1cm2, 300s, 6J/cm2 per gland, 12J/cm2 per session) and started two weeks after PTU treatment. LPT was repeated every other day for two weeks. After animal death, the glands were removed, dissected and processed for immunohistochemical analysis. It was observed an increase in the number of myoepithelial cells of hypothyroid control rats in comparison to euthyroid controls (p=0.001). Visible LPT (λ660nm) caused significant higher proliferation of myoepithelial cells in EU rats when compared to IR LPT (λ 780nm)(p≤0.001).It is concluded that, despite the LPT protocol used did not influence myoepithelial proliferation on hypothyroid rats it significantly increased the proliferation on euthyroid animals.

Laser phototherapy improves early stage of cutaneous wound healing of rats under hyperlipidic diet.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of laser photobiomodulation in cutaneous healing of rats under a hyperlipidic diet. Forty-eight Wistar Albinus rats, weaned, received standard diet (SD) or hyperlipidic diet (HD) for 20 weeks. The groups were divided into SD rats and HD rats, SD-irradiated rats (LSD), and HD-irradiated rats (LHD). Standard cutaneous wound (1 cm(2)) was created on the dorsum of each rat. The irradiation started immediately after surgery and every 48 h for 7 or 14 days (λ660 nm, 40 mW, 6 J/cm(2), ϕ 0,04 cm(2), CW), when they were killed under deep anesthesia. The specimens were removed, routinely processed, stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H/E), and evaluated by light microscopy. Rats fed with hyperlipidic diet had greater intensity in the inflammatory process and prolonged hyperemia. At day 7, the intensity of inflammation was reduced in LSD and LHD groups when compared to their control groups, SD (p = 0.002) and HD (p = 0.02). There was an increase in fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition, especially in the LHD group. At day 14, the HD group presented more intensive hyperemia than the SD group. It can be concluded that the hyperlipidic diet modified the inflammation pattern in wound healing and that laser light has a positive biomodulative effect on the healing process only in early stages.

Tumor odontogênico adenomatoide mimetizando um cisto radicular / Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour mimetizing a radicular cyst

O tumor odontogênico adenomatoide (TOA) foi considerado como uma entidade clínica distinta, em 1969, por Philipsen e Birn. Trata-se de um tumor odontogênico, de caráter totalmente benigno, assintomático, de crescimento lento e raramente atingindo tamanho maior que 3 cm. Acomete, preferencialmente, a região anterior dos ossos gnáticos, principalmente a maxila, ocorrendo duas vezes mais no gênero feminino, sendo incomum em pacientes maiores que 20 anos. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico atípico de tumor odontogênico adenomatoide em região anterior de mandíbula, mimetizando cisto radicular, acometendo um paciente de 45 anos, do gênero masculino, tratado com enucleação cirúrgica. O paciente encontra-se atualmente em proservação, não apresentando sinais clínicos e imaginológicos de recidiva. No presente artigo, os aspectos clínicos, radiográficos e histológicos do tumor odontogênico adenomatoide serão discutidos assim como o tratamento recomendado... (AU)

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) was so classified as a new tumor in 1969 by Philipsen and Birn. This odontogenic tumor is benign, asymptomatic, has a slow growing and rarely reach a size greater than 3 cm. AOT usually occurs in anterior jaw bones, affects females twice more than males and is unusual in patients older than 20 years-old. The aim of this study is to report an atipic case of AOT in the anterior mandible mimetizing a radicular cyst, affecting a 45 years-old male patient, who was treated by surgical enucleation. The patient has been followed-up and has no clinical and imaging signs of recurrence. In this paper, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor's clinical, radiographic and histological aspects will be discussed, as well the recommended treatment... (AU)